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1999年  第16卷  第4期

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极端条件下原子核中对关联的一种处理方法
蒋维洲, 朱志远
1999, 16(4): 197-200. doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.16.04.197
摘要:
对关联是原子核中最重要的剩余相互作用.阐述了用多体关联方法研究原子核中对关联效应的可能性,并以中子晕核11Li、11Be为例,阐述了此方法的可行性. The pairing correlation is the most important residual interactions in nucleus system. The possibility for the investigation of pairing correlation with the many-body correlation approach and the feasibility of the approach, by taking the halo nuclei 11Li and 11Be as an example are elucidated.
元素核合成
厉光烈, 李龙
1999, 16(4): 201-206. doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.16.04.201
摘要:
简单介绍了元素的核合成理论发展的历史和现况.The development history of the nucleosynthesis theory of elements, which was presented by E. M. Burbidge. G. R. Burbidge, W. A. Fowler, F. Hoyle and A. G. W.Cameron, and the progress of this theory during the past 40 years are introduced.
天体元素生成与原子核的性质
罗文东, 陈永寿
1999, 16(4): 207-213. doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.16.04.207
摘要:
介绍了元素合成的总体框架,特别是其中通过原子核聚变释放能量的核燃烧方式和中子俘获过程,并重点说明了原子核的性质作为输入参数对各种天体过程物理图象的影响. Synthesis of stellar elements is outlined, including the nuclear burning processes by which lighter nuclei are combined to form heavier nuclei through fusion with energy releasing and the neutron capture processes. The scenarios of the stellar evolution as functions of improving nuclear properties are illustrated.
放射性核束的库仑激发
潘强岩
1999, 16(4): 214-217. doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.16.04.214
摘要:
综述了利用中、高能放射性核束的库仑激发方法研究位于N=20和28主壳隙附近的丰中子核结构所取得的进展.系统的实验结果清晰地表明,在离开β稳定线区域时N=20兰壳隙突然消失和N=28主壳隙的减弱过程.提出了利用兰州放射性束流线开展双幻核Ni50附近核素的低位能级核结构研究的构想. The study of coulomb excitation of the neutron-rich nuclei around N=20 and 28 shell closure with radioactive ion beam at intermediate energy is reviewed. The systematics of the measured energy of the 2+1 state shows that the N=20 shell closure in neutron-rich isotopes with Z≤12 disappears suddenly and N=28 shell elosure appears to be weak for 44S.The coulomb excitation studies of the exotic nuclei around the double magic 7828Ni50 at RIBLL are proposed.
兰州放射性束流线
詹文龙, 郭忠言
1999, 16(4): 218-223. doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.16.04.218
摘要:
兰州放射性束流线(RIBLL)是产生中能重离子放射性束流(RIB)的装置和高精度放射性束物理的实验谱仪.RIBLL的立体角接收度>65msr、动量接收度达10%;RIBLL可提供极化RIB;RIBLL采用大接收度双消色差反对称结构,既可纯化放射性束,还可作为0°磁谱仪. Radioactive Ion Beam Line in Lanzhou (RIBLL) is a facility to produce intermediate energy radioactive ion beams (RIB), and also a high precision spectrometer for RIB physical experiments. The solid angle acceptance of RIBLL is 6. 5 msr. The momentum acceptance is about 10%. The polarized RIBs will be available. RIBLL is the equipment with double achromatic and asymmetric structure. So that it can not only sublimate the RIBs in pureness, but also operate as 0° magnet spectrometer.
裂变延迟与可能发自超重系统的GDR γ射线
王建松, 沈文庆, 叶巍, 蔡延璜, 马余刚, 冯军, 方德清, 蔡翔舟, 苏前敏
1999, 16(4): 224-229. doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.16.04.224
摘要:
简要评述了裂变延迟系统学研究,论述了用巨仍极共振γ射线方法研究超重系统存在的可能性及这方面理论和实验的研究. The systematics of the fission delay is reviewed. The theory and experiment researches on the formation of the super-heavy compound nucleus by means of Giant Dipole Resonance γ-ray are introduled.
晶格气体模型在重离子物理中的应用
苏前敏, 马余刚, 沈文庆, 王建松, 蔡翔舟, 方德清
1999, 16(4): 230-236. doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.16.04.230
摘要:
介绍了用于描述中高能重离子碰撞后期形成的热发射源系统行为的晶格气体模型的原理,并同渗透模型作了比较.综述了该模型在描写核态方程、相变和临界现象的新进展及不足之处. The Lattice Gas Model is introduced to describe the features of phase transition and critical phenomena that take place after the collision between heavy ions at intermediate or high incident energy. New progresses in application into equation of state, phase transition and critical pheonomena, and shortcomings of this model in itself are also presented.
HIRFL能区与CSR能区高能γ实验
文万信, 靳根明, 王素芳
1999, 16(4): 237-242. doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.16.04.237
摘要:
介绍了在兰州重离子加速器装置(HIRPL)上开展的原子核巨共振实验研究,并对以后在HIRFL与冷却储存环CSR上可以开展的一些高能γ实验,如双声子态实验、轫致辐射实验、集体运动消失与相变关系等作了一些讨论. The experiments on giant dipole resonance performed at HIRFL of the Institute of Modern Physics are reviewed. At HIRFL and CSR the prospective high energy gamma experiments on double phonon state, Bremstrahlung, the connection between disappearance of collective motion and phase transition, and so on, are also discussed.
137Eu衰变的在线测量
甘再国, 秦芝, 范红梅, 郭俊盛, 王同庆, 郭斌, 雷相国, 徐岩冰, 刘洪业, 杨永峰, 陈展图, 刘军辉, 何建军, 熊兵, 胡青元, 古中道, 董成富, 郭应祥, 袁双贵, 靳根明
1999, 16(4): 243-245. doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.16.04.243
摘要:
使用在线同位素分离器及快带传输系统研究了缺中子稀土核137Eu的衰变性质,测量了A=137核的γ、X单谱及γ-X、γ-γ符合谱,得到了137Eu核的半衰期为9.8s,并观测到了137Eu的一条能量为209.0keV的衰变γ线. The decay properties of neutron-deficient rare earth nucleus 137Eu have been studied by means of on-line isotope separator combined with rapid tape transport system.The products were produced by 190 MeV 36Ar bombarding on Pd target via natPd (36Ar, pxn)137Eu reactions. γ, X singles and γ-X, γ-γ coincidence spectra of the nuclei with A=137 were measured. The half-life of 137Eu is obtained to be 9. 8 s. A γ-ray with energy of 209. 0 keV for 137Eu was observed.
超流模型能级密度公式及其参数研究
吕国雄, 董燎原, 黄忠甫, 丘国春, 苏宗涤
1999, 16(4): 246-250. doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.16.04.246
摘要:
对推广超流模型(GSM)能级密度公式作了研究,并根据评估的平均中子共振间距D0和分立能级累计数N0拟合出了一组GSM能级密度公式的参数,这组参数已被收入到国际原子能机构(IAEA)推荐输入参数库(RIPL)的起始数据文件. In this work, the Generalized Superfluid Model (GSM) level density formula has been studied. On the basis of the average neutron resonance level spacing D0 and cumulative level number N0 which were evaluated by ourselves, a set of GSM level density parameters has been obtained. These parameters have been included in the initial data file of IAEA s Reference Input Parameter Library (RIPL).
末态粒子集团动量分布维数的计算
陈奋策
1999, 16(4): 251-255. doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.16.04.251
摘要:
把坐标空间的分形维数计算公式推广到动量空间并用于计算高能强子-强子碰撞非单衍过程产生的中心区末态粒子集团的动量分布的维数.从理论上和从三火球模型结果出发求得的动量分布的维数都是二维. The formula of fractal dimension in coordinate space is extended to the momentum space. The fractal dimension of the momentum distribution of final-state clusters in center region produced by nondiffraction processes of high-energy hadronic collisions is calculated based on the Three Fire-Ball Model and is found to be 2.
高功率激光在存储环上的应用
赵之正, 刘军辉, 王旭东, 杨永锋, 祖凯玲
1999, 16(4): 256-261. doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.16.04.256
摘要:
重离子冷却存储环中的束流是高密度的等离子体,这样的束流照射物体将得到超高压强.如果高功率激光照射束流,将产生实验室中从来没有过的超高温度.这些极端的条件为开辟重离子物理研家新领域提供了可能性.在存储环中使用X射线激光可以测显类锂离子的电荷均方根半径绝对值,使核基态性质的研究将有突破性的进展.它开辟了在等离子体物理、金属物理、核物理和天体物理等领域新的实验条件.为惯性聚变的快速点火创造了最好条件. In cooling storage ring heavy ion beam is plasma of high density. when a big power laser interacted on it, it will get ultra-high temperature. This beam irradiated on an object will get ultra-high pressure. This high energy pulse laser can produce X-ray laser. In the cooling storage ring absolute value of charge mean root radius of Lithium-like nuclei will be measured by the X-ray laser. It will be broken through in investigating the property of nuclear ground state. That will create many...
重离子束用于肿瘤放射治疗的基础理论
李强, 卫增泉
1999, 16(4): 262-266. doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.16.04.262
摘要:
通过与低传能线密度辐射治疗对比分析建立了重离子束肿瘤放射治疗的基础理论,提出了一些提高重离子束放射治疗疗效和减少对正常组织损伤的技术措施,旨在为已开展的重离子治癌临床研究提供理论依据. The basic theory of tumor radiotherapy with heavy ion beam was introduced in contrast to low LET irradiation therapy. Some useful methods are also suggested to improve the curative effect of heavy ion therapy and to spare the normal tissue around the tumor.
加速器驱动的嬗变技术及应用──一个关于核能发展的热门话题
郭俊盛
1999, 16(4): 267-272. doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.16.04.267
摘要:
当前的核电技术存在着资源利用率低、排出高放射性长寿命废物以及运行的安全性等问题.利用加速器驱动次临界堆的嬗变技术,不仅可以产生“洁净”的核电,还可以对高放射性核废物进行嬗变处理,同时又能对核材料进行核燃料的增殖或生产,是新一代核能利用的发展方向.The existing nuclear power system has many problems, such as low utilization ratio of natural resources, output of long life radioactive nuclear wastes and safety of operation etc. The transmutation technology by using accelerator-driven sub-critical reactor can generate not only clean nuclear power, but also can transmutate nuclear wastes and proliferate and produce nuclear fuels. It will be a direction to develop new nuclear power.
中子引起的α粒子发射DDX数据测量进展
叶邦角, 范扬眉, 韩荣典
1999, 16(4): 273-277. doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.16.04.273
摘要:
从实验的角度对目前国际上测量中子引起的α粒子发射双微分截面的主要研究小组的工作和所使用的两种主要测量谱仪进行了评述.对现阶段的实验进展以及发展趋势作了探讨. The main experimental groups in the world for measuring double-differential cross sections (DDX) of α-particles emission induced by neutron and two kinds of main spectrometers used are reviewed in the point of experimental view. Progress on experimental measurement of DDX in present stage is compared and development trend in future is discussed.