Abstract: In order to recycle and utilize industrial waste sugarcane molasses, a green membrane treatment technology: heavy ion track etching membrane was selected to filter the pretreated waste sugarcane molasses and then used to synthesize butyric acid by Clostridium tyrobutyricum(C. tyrobutyricum). The particle size distribution and polyphenol content of waste sugarcane molasses were determined by Laser Particle Size Analyzer and Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography — Tandem Mass Spectrometry. Results showed that the toxic substances such as colloid, ash and polyphenols in molasses can be filtered by etching membrane. The staining results of Propidium Iodide indicated that the survival rate of C. tyrobutyricum in the waste sugarcane molasses treated with membrane was as high as 98.30%. The yield of butyric acid produced from waste sugarcane molasses after membrane treatment was 39.08 g/L, which was detected by Gas Chromatography — Mass Spectrometer. Waste sugarcane molasses was successfully transformed from waste to treasure by heavy ion track etching membrane combined with chemical method, with no pollution and zero emission during whole process. It improved the utilization efficiency of waste sugarcane molasses and the production performance of butyric acid by C. tyrobutyricum scientifically and effectively.