摘要: 丰中子核的结构及奇特衰变性质是核物理基础研究的一个重要课题。在即将开工的大科学工程强流重离子加速器装置（HIAF）上，我们将设计并建造一条专门针对多核子转移反应的综合谱仪。在此谱仪上，研究将主要集中于丰中子新核素的合成、鉴别及其核结构和衰变性质。介绍了此谱仪的动机、概念设计和工作原理，简要讨论了建造此谱仪的机遇和面对的困难。不同于熔合蒸发及弹核碎裂反应，多核子转移反应产物的出射在实验室系并不是0°附近的前冲方向，而是覆盖了25°~80°宽范围的圆锥角，这给收集和分离感兴趣的多核子转移反应产物带来了很大的困难。气体单元必须满足高束流强度、高传输效率、快传输速度的要求，其设计及建造具有挑战性。气体单元是该谱仪成败的最关键因素。


The study on the nuclear structure and exotic decay property of neutron-rich nuclides is an important subject in nuclear physics research. In the ongoing big project HIAF (High Intensity heavy-ion Accelerator Facility), a general purpose spectrometer specific to the multinucleon transfer reactions is being designed and will be constructed. In this spectrometer, the researches will be concentrated on synthesis and identification of new neutron-rich nuclides, and on the study of their nuclear structure and decay properties. In this paper, the motivation, conceptual design and working principle of this spectrometer have been introduced, and the opportunities and challenges in the construction have been discussed briefly. Unlike the fusion evaporation and projectile fragmentation reaction products which are emitted in forward directions near 0° in laboratory frame, the outgoing angles of the products from multinucleon transfer reactions cover a wide range of 25° ~80°, thus it is very difficult to collect and separate those products of interest. The requirements of high beam rate, high transmission efficiency and high transport speed make the gas cell be very challenging in design and construction. The gas cell is the key component for the success of this spectrometer.