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Nupix-H2-单片有源像素探测器电路设计

Design of Nupix-H2- Monolithic Active Pixel Detector Circuit

  • 摘要: 在核物理和粒子物理实验中,单片有源像素传感器(MAPS)广泛应用于顶点和径迹探测器。为了验证强流重离子加速器装置(HIAF)上物理实验对MAPS提出的同时具备位置、时间、能量的多维度测量需求,本工作设计了一款名为Nupix-H2-的原型单片有源像素传感器。该原型芯片采用国产130 nm CMOS四阱高阻工艺,像素阵列大小为1行 × 16列,单个像素面积为22 μm × 22 μm,采用Rolling Shutter的读出方式进行扫描,按列依次输出每个像素单元的信息,扫描频率为40 MHz。每个像素中采用电荷灵敏放大器测量能量信息,16个像素通过一组计数器完成时间测量。仿真结果表明,该像素阵列的等效噪声电荷(ENC)小于30 e,能量输出积分非线性(INL)最大约为5%,时间分辨率达到25 ns。

     

    Abstract: In nuclear and particle physics experiments, Monolithic Active Pixel Sensors (MAPS) are widely used in vertex and track detectors. To verify the multi-dimensional measurement requirements for MAPS in physics experiments on the High Intensity heavy-ion Accelerator Facility (HIAF), this paper designs a prototype MAPS named Nupix-H2- that can simultaneously measure the position, time, and energy. This prototype chip adopts the domestic 130 nm CMOS quad-well high-resistivity process. This chip has 1 row × 16 columns pixels, and the area of a single pixel is 22 μm × 22 μm. It uses the rolling shutter readout method to scan and read out each pixel's information at the frequency of 40 MHz. In each pixel, a charge-sensitive amplifier is used to measure energy information, and 16 pixels complete time measurement through a set of counters. The simulation results show that this pixel array's Equivalent Noise Charge (ENC) is less than 30 e, the maximum Integral Non-Linearity (INL) of energy measurement is approximately 5%, and the time resolution reaches 25 ns.

     

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