Abstract: In the early stage, parallel bus architecture, such as VME and PXI bus, is widely used in the data transmission system of detector devices at home and abroad. However, with the development of nuclear physics experiments and the improvement of the speed of data transmission, the drawbacks of the difficulty in speeding up the parallel bus gradually appear. The data can not be transmitted through the backplane due to the low bus speed. In this paper, we design a new advanced data transmission Advanced Mezzanine Card(AMC) signal processing card based on Micro Telecom Computing Architecture(MicroTCA). A high-speed PCIe serial bus which has significant advantages in speed improvement is used in the backplane bus of the AMC signal processing card. The transmission function of the whole transmission link is tested and verified to be correct and the fiber error rate of the link transmission is lower than 7.62×10⁻¹⁵. The transmission speed is also close to the theoretical extreme, reaching 430 MB/s. Finally, the AMC signal processing card and front-end electronics are tested jointly, and the validity of the system is verified.