中国散裂中子源小角中子散射谱仪探测器研制

周晓娟; 周健荣; 滕海云; 蒋兴奋; 许虹; 夏远光; 骆宏; 肖亮; 谭莹莹; 朱林; 杨桂安; 赵豫斌; 章红宇; 陈元柏; 孙志嘉

doi:10.11804/NuclPhysRev.36.02.204

中国散裂中子源小角中子散射谱仪探测器研制

Small Angle Neutron Scattering Spectrometer Detector of China Spallation Neutron Source

摘要

摘要: 中子小角散射探测器是小角散射（SANS）谱仪的关键设备之一，探测器要求有足够大的探测面积、较高的探测效率及较好的空间分辨率，能够在真空腔中稳定地工作并可在腔体内前后移动。综合考虑，SANS探测器采用120只8 mm直径位置灵敏³He管，组成有效面积1 000 mm（X）×1 020 mm（Y）的二维探测器阵列。探测器阵列分为10个模块，每一个模块功能完全独立，包括12只³He管及其对应的读出电子学和数据获取系统。读出电子学位于探测器背面的回字形密闭腔体内，由CSNS电子学组自主研发。SANS探测器从设计、选型、样机、调试到安装历时三年，中子束流实验结果显示探测器探测效率大于50%（@2Å），空间分辨率好于10 mm（FWHM），完全达到设计要求，目前正在中国散裂中子源小角散射谱仪运行使用。

Abstract: The detector of SANS is one of the key instruments for Small Angle Neutron Scattering (SANS) Spectrometer. It needs large areas of detection, high efficiencies of detection and high spatial resolutions. It is also required to be able to work stably and move forward and backward in a vacuum tube. Two-dimensional detector array of an effective area of 1 000 mm (X)×1 020 mm (Y) is constructed using 120 position-sensitive ³He tubes of 8 mm in diameter. The SANS detector array is divided into 10 modules, each of which is completely independent and includes 12 ³He tubes and corresponding readout electronics and data acquisition systems. The readout electronics located in the back of the detector is developed by CSNS independently. It takes 3 years in total since the detector of SANS was designed, selected, tested and installed. The experimental result of neutron beams shows that the detection efficiency of the detector is more than 50% (@2 Å) and the spatial resolution of the detector is below 10 mm (FWHM). The performances fully meets the requirements of designs. The detector is working at the SANS of CSNS now.

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