Abstract: Currently the ^99mTc is most widely used medical radioisotope as a tracer in clinical diagnosis. The supply of the ^99mTc mainly depends on the production of the ⁹⁹Mo in the research reactors by irradiating High Enriched Uranium targets. The traditional production technique has disadvantages of complex process, high cost, long-distance transportation loss and the risk of nuclear weapons proliferation, etc. In addition, the number of research reactors and processing facilities are limited and most of the facilities will be decommissioned soon. Sometime the supply of ⁹⁹Mo/^99mTc has a problem due to unexpected reactor shutdown or planned maintenance. So, during recent years, a variety of new production techniques, such as the methods using facilities of linear/cyclotron accelerators and new types of reactors, have been proposed to restore the stable supply of ⁹⁹Mo/^99mTc. Starting from the current supply and demand situation of ⁹⁹Mo/^99mTc, this paper analyses the main problems existing in the current supply chain, and mainly introduces the principle, research progress and economic benefits of six traditional and new production technologies of ⁹⁹Mo/^99mTc. Following three separation and purification processes of ⁹⁹Mo/^99mTc, the development trend and prospect of ⁹⁹Mo/^99mTc production were discussed. Among them, the technology of accelerator-driven fission low-enriched-uranium solution is the key research direction in the future for no reactor, no high-enriched uranium, less radioactive waste. It is also imperative to develop and optimize the separation and purification process suitable for the production system in order to reduce the loss of ⁹⁹Mo/^99mTc and improve product quality. The theoretical output of the⁹⁹Mo sub-critical production system driven by the deuterium-tritium fusion neutron source, designed by the Institute of Nuclear Safety Technology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, is 27 Ci/day, which can meet the medical diagnostic needs of a province in China.