摘要: 探索原子核的壳层演化，验证奇特核的幻数结构是香港大学核物理研究的重要方向。目前，科研团队利用在束伽玛谱学技术已经研究了³⁰Ne的N=20幻数消失和⁷⁸Ni（Z=28，N=50）附近原子核的双幻数结构，而即将开展的53，56Ca在束伽玛谱学实验会对新幻数N=34的定量研究，以及到N=40核的壳层演化提供重要的数据。下一步的研究目标是探索¹⁰⁰Sn（N=Z=50）的奇特结构，特别是研究它的第一个2⁺激发态与其邻近原子核的低激发态性质。¹⁰⁰Sn处于质子滴线以及核天体快质子俘获路径上，因此，它的幻数结构及其临近原子核单粒子性能研究将会极大增强对核力和核合成机制的认识。为了进一步提高物理实验统计，香港大学在数量上增加了30% NaI（Tl）晶体从而全面升级了DALI2伽玛探测阵列。此外，为了探索远离稳定线核区的新物理，开展更高精度在束伽玛谱学实验，香港大学与中国科学院近代物理研究所、中国原子能科学研究院计划合作研制基于溴化镧晶体的新一代伽玛探测器阵列。这套阵列主要在兰州重离子加速器（HIRFL）和将来建成的强流重离子加速器（HIAF）等大科学装置上开展实验，从而在奇特核研究方面取得大量重要的成果，促进科研人员全面认识、理解核力以及天体核合成过程。


Exploring the evolution of shell closures and examining the magicity of extremely exotic nuclei are the main research interests of HKU (University of Hong Kong) experimental nuclear physics group. The group has employed in-beam gamma-ray spectroscopy technique to investigate the vanishing of N=20 magicity in ³⁰Ne (N=20) and the strong magicity in nuclei around ⁷⁸Ni (Z=28, N=50). The approved future's experiment on spectroscopy of ^53,56Ca, proposed by HKU, will give quantitative information for the "magic index" of N=34 and shell evolution toward N=40. The next goal is to investigate the structure of ¹⁰⁰Sn (N=Z=50), particularly the energy of the first 2⁺ state, and the low-lying states in the neighboring nuclei. ¹⁰⁰Sn lies on the proton drip-line and on the astrophysical rp-process path. Characterizing the magicity of ¹⁰⁰Sn and the nature of single-particle states in its neighboring nuclei is therefore essential to the fundamental understanding of nuclear forces and nucleo-synthesis. To significantly increase the data statistics for our physics goals, HKU group has prepared the upgrade of gamma-ray spectrometer DALI2 with 30% more NaI(Tl) detectors integrated into a new array configuration. On the other hand, next significant insights into the structure of nuclei would require new gamma-ray detection array capable for higher precision gamma-ray spectroscopy. HKU group in collaboration with IMP and CIAE therefore proposes to construct a new-generation gamma-ray detection array based on the novel scintillator LaBr₃(Ce) to explore the new physics in nuclei far from the valley of stability. Utilizing the radioactive beams at the Chinese large-scale facilities such as the Heavy Ion Research Facility in Lanzhou (HIRFL) in IMP and the future's High Intensity heavy-ion Accelerator Facility (HIAF), this novel LaBr₃(Ce) array would lead to a significant boost to the frontiers of exotic-nuclei research, which will guide scientists towards the comprehensive and even beyond-traditional understanding of nuclear forces and nucleosynthesis.