摘要: 讨论了量子多重内部反射方法（MIR方法），这是一种研究核反应的更准确的量子力学方法。对于一个原子核俘获α粒子的过程，MIR方法能够给出（1） α-核势的新参数；（2）新的熔合几率。基于MIR方法我们给出了这类过程的完整量子力学描述，考虑熔合几率后MIR方法能够显著地提高实验与理论的吻合度。具体研究了α+⁴⁰Ca和α+⁴⁴Ca两类反应，给出了新的核势参数核和熔合几率。对于第一个反应理论计算值与实验的偏离比其他计算结果减少了41.72倍，对于第二个反应减少了34.06倍。进一步，基于本工作熔合几率公式，给出了两类反应截面不同的原因，这是与中子幻数N=20附近的原子核基态的球形构型和形变构型共存导致的。为了更好地理解幻数N=26附近原子核的性质，预言了α+⁴⁶Ca的反应截面。


In this paper we give a short review of the Method of Multiple of Internal Reflections (MIR method), which is accepted as the more accurate and rich in quantum description of nuclear reactions today. For a capture of the α particles by nuclei our approach gives (1) new parameters of the α-nucleus potential and (2) new fusion probabilities. We demonstrate that a fully quantum description of this process provided by the MIR method, and inclusion of probabilities of fusion into formalism allow to essentially increase agreement between theory and experimental data. In particular, our method found new parametrization and fusion probabilities and decreased the error by 41.72 times for α+⁴⁰Ca and 34.06 times for α+⁴⁴Ca in a description of experimental data in comparison with existing results. Based on our proposed fusion probability formula, we explain the difference between experimental cross-sections for α+⁴⁰Ca and α+⁴⁴Ca, which is connected with the theory of coexistence of the spherical and deformed shapes in the ground state for nuclei near the neutron magic shell N =20. To obtain deeper insight into the physics of nuclei with the new discovered magic number N = 26, we predict new cross-section of α+⁴⁶Ca for further experimental confirmation.