摘要: 有关热核裂变的研究与反应堆中的诱发裂变，天体环境中的裂变，以及超重元素的合成等密切相关。热核裂变的研究通常是基于Bohr-Wheeler 的统计裂变理论。而统计模型的研究十分依赖唯像的能级密度和位能面。因此，提出基于微观的有限温度的能量密度泛函理论计算热核的裂变寿命。可以微观自洽地计算出温度相关的裂变位垒高度，曲率，集体质量参数。基于虚自由能法，从低温到高温的裂变寿命可以由一个统一的框架给出。展示了在裂变研究中温度相关裂变位垒的重要性，并讨论了微观描述热核裂变的前景。


The studies of thermal fission rates are relevant to novel reactors, astrophysical environments, and survival probabilities of compound superheavy nuclei. This has been conventionally studied by the Bohr-Wheeler statistical model that depends on phenomenological level densities and fission barriers. In this context, we propose to study the thermal fission rates based on microscopic temperature dependent nuclear energy density functional theory. The microscopic temperature dependent fission barrier heights and curvatures, and collective mass parameters can be self-consistently obtained. The fission lifetimes from low to high temperatures can be given by the imaginary free energy method in a consistent framework. Microscopic temperature dependent fission barriers play an essential role in fission studies.