摘要: 原子核质量的描述和预言是原子核结构理论中的基础问题之一。相邻原子核质量存在奇偶性，这些奇偶性对于构造局域质量关系和研究核子对力相互作用有参考意义。本文回顾了我们在近年来注意到的相邻原子核质量之间的奇偶性方面研究的主要结果，包括最后一个质子与中子相互作用标记为δV_1p-1n 的奇偶性及其起源δV_1p-1n 奇偶性导致的Garvey-Kelson 质量关系的奇偶性、单核子分离能与原子核的质子和中子数奇偶相关性等。The description of nuclear masses is one fundamental issue in nuclear structure theory. A number of odd-even staggerings of masses have been observed in double differences of neighboring nuclei. These oddeven staggerings are very useful to study local mass relations and nucleon-pair correlations. In this paper we discuss the odd-even features that we discerned in recent years, such as the odd-even staggering of the interaction between the last proton and the last neutron (denoted by δV_1p-1n), the odd-even feature of the Garvey-Kelson mass relations, the odd-even feature of one-nucleon separation energies, and so on, exhibited in masses of neighboring nuclei and related quantities.