量子计算机理论中的量子叠加和量子纠缠

Quantum Superposition and Entangled State in the Theories of Quantum Computer

摘要: 讨论了量子计算、量子通讯与量子计算机中的核心问题 :量子叠加和量子纠缠 .从量子态表示量子信息为出发点 ,指出有关量子信息的所有问题都可采用量子力学理论来处理 .其中信息的演变遵从薛定谔方程 ,信息的传输就是量子态在量子通道中的传送 ,信息处理就是量子态的幺正变换,信息提取则是对量子系统实行量子测量.The important problems that is quantum superposition and en ta ngled state in the quantum computation, quantum communication and quantum comput er have been discussed. From these, it is pointed out that the problems which ar e concern with quantum information can be handled by the quantum mechanics theor ies: quantum computing and transformation of the quantum information follows the Schrödinger Equation and U transformation in quantum system, respectively.

Abstract: The important problems that is quantum superposition and en ta ngled state in the quantum computation, quantum communication and quantum comput er have been discussed. From these, it is pointed out that the problems which ar e concern with quantum information can be handled by the quantum mechanics theor ies: quantum computing and transformation of the quantum information follows the Schrödinger Equation and U transformation in quantum system, respectively.