摘要: 远离稳定线丰中子核素的合成和其衰变性质及核结构研究在过去几年中得到了迅速的发展，已成为原子核物理最为活跃的前沿领域之一．本文综述各质量区丰中子远离核的生成和鉴别，重点讨论丰中子远离核奇异衰变性质和核结构研究的重要进展，并简要介绍丰中子远离校研究在天文物理学中的重要应用.During the past few years our understanding of the decay properties and nuclear structure has been extended in a systematic fashion for the neutron-rich nuclei. This review will first sketch the production and identification of the neutron-rich nuclei throughout the whole mass region, and will then discuss the impressive progress in the studies of the exotic decay properties and nuclear structure of neutron-rich nuclei.Their astrophysical