核子微探针技术的发展及其应用研究
Development of Nuclear Microprobe Techniques and Their Applications
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摘要: 核子微探针的发展提供了一种在微米尺度内分析微量元素的强有力的工具，用它研究海洋矿物已成为一项热门的课题．因为象海洋锰结核和海山锰结壳这种海洋矿物的生长速率很慢，一百万年只长几毫米，用核子微探针能够直接地、仔细地观察这些矿物缓慢的生长过程．核子激探针能够测量单个细胞中微量元素的成分和分布，以及它们对生物的作用．它还能研究在球墨铸铁中微量元素的含量，以及它们对球化过程的影响．目前，ＳＩＮＲ核子微探针的空间分辨率是２ｍｍ，通过改进聚焦系统和扫描图像解卷积技术，分辨率将进一步提高．三维成像技术已经发展成一个重要分支，其中扫描透射显微技术（ＳＴＩＭ）是一个成功的例子．因为成像技术只需要非常小的束流强度，它有可能使核子微探针的分辨率达到纳米水平． The development of nuclear microprobe techniques provides a powerful means for micro-analysis in areas with micron scales. Great interest has been shown in the applications of the nuclear microprobe for investigating marine ores. Because the accumulations of marine ores, such as deep-sea ferromanganese nodules and seamount ferromanganese crusts,are very slow, about a few millimeters per million years, the ability of microscopic analysis of trace elements brings the nuclear microprobe...Abstract: The development of nuclear microprobe techniques provides a powerful means for micro-analysis in areas with micron scales. Great interest has been shown in the applications of the nuclear microprobe for investigating marine ores. Because the accumulations of marine ores, such as deep-sea ferromanganese nodules and seamount ferromanganese crusts,are very slow, about a few millimeters per million years, the ability of microscopic analysis of trace elements brings the nuclear microprobe...
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