摘要: 本文概述了核物理新的研究机遇,这机遇是:(1)在核介质内,寻找和研究夸克自由度,研究强相互作用的基本理论QCD;(2)研究核物态方程;(3)研究夸克胶子等离子体(QGP);(4)研究各种极端条件下的核结构;(5)核介质用于精确研究强、电弱相互作用的基本性质等。为此,4GeV连续束电子加速器CEBAF、相对论重离子对撞机RHIC正在建造,强子装置和放射性核束加速器正在筹备。 The most new scientific opportunities of nuclear physics are: the exploration of the quark degrees of freedom and of the underlying theory of the strong interaction, QCD, in the nuclearmedium; the study of the nuclear equation of state and of quark-gluon plasma (QGP); the study ofnuclear structure at the limits of temperature, angular momentum, and neutron-to-proton ratios; theuse of the nuclear medium for precision studies of fundamental aspects of the strong and...