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从Rutherford的原子核到Landau的巨核: 大自然偏好味对称吗?

Rutherford’s Atomic Nucleus versus Landau’s Gigantic Nucleus: Does Nature Favor Flavor Symmetry?

  • 摘要: 原子核(即核液滴)的对称能本质上体现了两味价夸克的对称性,其组成单元为核子。本文试图阐述如下概念:若自然总喜欢夸克味对称,重子数A在 10^3-9 和\sim 10^57之间的低温强相互作用巨核应该由三味对称的奇子构成。根据这一逻辑,脉冲星类致密天体其实是A \sim 10^57的大块奇子物质;若干多信使天文观测(如利用中国FAST等先进装置)或有望澄清该论断的合理性。值得强调的是,在粒子物理标准模型这个 成熟的“旧物理”框架内提出的奇子物质看法有助于深刻地认识我们所处的物质世界,包括正常的发光物质,甚至暗物质。

     

    Abstract: It is hypothesized that, at low temperature, though atomic nuclei are made of 2-flavored nucleons (i.e., nucleon matter as nuclear droplet), strongly interacting matter (i.e., gigantic nucleus) with baryon number from A\simeq 10^3-9 to \sim 10^57 would be composed of 3-flavored strangeons if Nature favors always the flavor symmetry of quarks. According to that logic, strangeon matter with A \sim 10^57 could manifest in the form of pulsar-like compact stars, and multi-messenger observations with advanced facilities (e.g., China’s FAST) could eventually provide a disproof/proof. It is worth emphasizing that this point of view, based on established “old physics”(i.e., the standard model of particle physics), may have particular consequences for understanding our material world, for both normal luminous matter and even the dark sector.

     

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