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原子核质量模型对预言新超重元素合成截面的影响

Influence of Nuclear Mass Models on Prediction Cross-sections of New Superheavy Elements

  • 摘要: 在双核系统模型(Dinuclear System Model, DNS)的框架下,深入讨论了不同核质量模型对计算超重核存活概率的影响,并进一步考察了它如何影响DNS预测超重新元素合成截面。不同核质量模型输出的核质量表具有较大差异,尤其对于未知核区。原子核质量作为DNS的核心输入量,它们在结合能、四极形变以及外推能力等方面的微小差异,都能对DNS的计算结果产生直接影响。此外发现,原子核质量是影响熔合概率和存活概率计算数值的关键因素。具体来说,不同核质量表提供的粒子分离能对超重核通过发射中子、质子、α粒子的衰变概率计算具有直接的影响。仔细分析超重核291Mc的存活概率,我们发现随着蒸发中子数的增加,不同核质量表计算出的存活概率差异也会逐渐累积。值得注意的是,使用不同的核质量表进行超重核合成截面计算,其结果与实验数据相吻合,分布范围在一个数量级之内,这进一步验证了DNS预测的准确性。最后,讨论了五种核质量表对预测119、120号超重新元素合成截面的影响,误差范围在一个数量级之内。

     

    Abstract: Within the framework of the Dinuclear System model (DNS), this study delves into the impact of different nuclear mass models on the calculation of the survival probabilities of superheavy nuclei and further examines how this affects the DNS's prediction of the synthesis cross-sections for superheavy elements. Nuclear mass tables output by various atomic nucleus mass models exhibit significant differences, particularly in the realm of unknown nuclei. As a core input in DNS, the minute differences in binding energy, quadrupole deformation, and extrapolation capabilities of atomic nucleus masses can directly influence the outcomes of DNS calculations. Additionally, we discover that atomic nucleus masses are a key determinant in the numerical calculations of fusion and survival probabilities. Specifically, the particle separation energies provided by different nuclear mass tables have a direct impact on the decay probabilities of superheavy nuclei through the emission of neutrons, protons, and alpha particles. A detailed analysis of the survival probability of the superheavy nucleus 291Mc reveals that as the number of evaporated neutrons increases, the differences in survival probabilities calculated by various nuclear mass tables also accumulate progressively. It is noteworthy that the results of superheavy nucleus synthesis cross-section calculations using different nuclear mass tables are within one order of magnitude of experimental data, further validating the accuracy of DNS predictions. Finally, the impact of five nuclear mass tables on the prediction of synthesis cross-sections for superheavy elements with atomic numbers 119 and 120 is discussed, with an error range within one order of magnitude.

     

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