关键词: 
高温气冷堆核电站示范工程 /
燃耗测量 /
蒙特卡罗模拟 /
高纯锗 /
活度

摘要: 作为球床模块式反应堆中燃料元件循环的重要组成部分，燃耗测量系统必须对连续排出堆芯的燃料球进行非破坏性在线测量，以确定是作为乏燃料球退出循环，还是将其返回堆芯。¹³⁷Cs 的活度和燃耗值存在很好的单调对应关系，因此在高温气冷堆(HTR-PM) 核电站示范工程中将利用高纯锗探测器测量燃料球中¹³⁷Cs 的活度，进而根据燃耗计算曲线确定其燃耗值。通过实验以及基于Geant4 的蒙特卡罗全模拟，利用效率传递方法准确得到了系统刻度的修正因子。同时发展了快速自动的谱寻峰和峰面积分析程序用于双源实验和MCNP模拟的 谱分析，结果表明，尽管有干扰峰的影响，该系统预计对¹³⁷Cs 的活度测量相对不确定度依然可以控制在3.0% 以内。在以上工作基础上成功研制并测试了一套全尺寸的燃耗测量系统原型。In a pebble-bed core which employs the multi-pass scheme, it is mandatory to determine the burnup of each pebble after the pebble has been extracted from the core in order to determine whether its design burnup has been reached or whether it has to be reinserted into the core again. The burnup of the fuel pebbles can be determined by measuring the activity of ¹³⁷Cs with an HPGe detector because of their good correspondence, which is independent of the irradiation history in the core. Based on experiments and Geant4 simulation, the correction factor between the fuel and calibration source was derived by using the efficiency transfer method. By optimizing spectrum analysis algorithm and parameters, the relative standard deviation of the 137Cs activity can be still controlled below 3.0% despite of the presence of interfering peaks. On the foundation of the simulation and experiment research, a complete solution for burnup measurement system in HTR-PM is provided.