关键词: 
三维谐振子 /
Wigner函数 /
MoyalWeyl乘法 /
声子

摘要: Wigner函数作为相空间中的一个准概率分布函数， 也是密度矩阵的特殊表示形式， 具有十分重要的物理意义。 首先介绍了Wigner函数的性质及其计算方法， 然后利用星本征方程（Moyal 方程）计算了三维谐振子的Wigner函数。 最后讨论了在相空间中描述声子与电子（或光子）相互作用的方法， 并得到了跃迁几率在相空间中所满足的方程。 As a quasiprobability distribution function in phasespace and a special representation of the density matrix, Wigner function has great significance in physics. In this paper, first, Wigner function’s characteristic and calculation approach are introduced. Then, with Stareigen equation we obtain the Wigner function for threedimensional harmonic oscillator. In the end, we discuss the method describing the interaction between phonons and electrons (or photons) and obtain the equation that transition probability satisfies in phase space.