关键词: 
²³⁶U /
加速器质谱 /
环境监测

摘要: ²³⁶U是一种长寿命放射性核素， 其半衰期为T_1/2=2.342(3)×107 a， 在自然界的含量极微， 天然铀中 ²³⁶U/²³⁸U的原子比约为～10-14。 目前， 对于²³⁶U及其测量的研究报道较少。首先介绍了²³⁶U的产生， 并对地球中 ²³⁶U的总量进行了估算。 概述了²³⁶U测定在亿年级中子注量率积分评估、 核环境和核活动监测， 以及地质学等领域中的重要应用。 最后，对国内外加速器质谱（AMS）测量²³⁶U的状况进行了综述，报道了中国原子能科学研究院AMS小组通过对同位素干扰鉴别的多方面研究， 初步建立了²³⁶UAMS测量方法。 ²³⁶U is a longlived radionuclide with half life of 2.342(3)×107 a. The ratio of 236U/238U is about 10-14 in the natural Uranium. The origin and production of 236U in globe are introduced and estimated in this paper，respectively. The major applicationsion of ²³⁶U as a 100 million year neutron flux integrator，as a “fingerprint” for monitoring nuclear environment and nuclear activity，and as a tracer in geological studies are briefly summarized. The accelerator mass spectrometry(AMS) measurement of 236U in the world and the research on HI 13 tandem accelerator at China Institute of Atomic Energy(CIAE) is also mentioned in this paper.