关键词: 
铁素体/马氏体钢 /
高能重离子 /
辐照损伤 /
空洞 /
肿胀

摘要: 低活化的铁素体/马氏体钢是先进核能装置（如聚变堆）的重要候选结构材料。 在聚变堆实际工作环境下, 由于高温和高氦产生率引起的材料失效是这类材料面临的一个重要问题。 本项研究以兰州重离子加速器（HIRFL）提供的中能惰性气体离子束（20Ne， 122 MeV）作为模拟辐照条件， 借助透射电子显微镜， 研究了一种低活化的9Cr铁素体/马氏体钢（T92B）组织结构的变化和辐照肿胀。 实验结果表明， 高温下当材料中晶格原子的撞出损伤和惰性气体原子沉积浓度超过一定限值时， 材料内部形成高浓度的空洞， 并且空洞肿胀率显著依赖于辐照温度和剂量； 在马氏体板条界面及其它晶界处空洞趋于优先形成， 并且在晶界交汇处呈加速生长。 基于氦泡的形核生长与空洞肿胀的经典模型探讨了在不同辐照条件（He离子、 Ne离子、 Fe/He离子双束、 快中子、 Ni离子）下铁素体/马氏体钢中肿胀率数据的关联。Lowactivation Ferritic/Martensitic steels are a kind of important structural materials candidate to the application in advanced nuclear energy systems. Possible degradation of properties and even failure in the condition of hightemperature and high helium production due to energetic neutron irradiation in a fusion reactor is a major concern with the application of this kind of materials. In the present work microstructural evolution in a 9Cr Ferritic/Martensitic steel (T92B) irradiated with 122 MeV 20Ne ions at temperatures between 0.3—0.5 Tm (Tm is the melting point of the material) was investigated with transmission electron microscopy. High concentration voids were observed in the specimens irradiated at high temperatures when the displacement damage dose and Ne concentration exceed a certain level. Preferential formation of voids at lathboundaries and other grainboundaries was found. The data of void swellings in 9Cr ferritic/martensitic steels irradiated in different conditions (such as with Heions, Neions, Fe/He dual beams, fast neutrons, Niions etc.) were compiled and analyzed based on a classic model of helium bubble formation, and bubble to void transition.