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2000年  第17卷  第4期

核物理
相对论核多体理论中的自洽问题和求和规则
马中玉, 曹李刚
2000, 17(4): 191-194. doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.17.04.191
摘要:
着重讨论了建立在相对论平均场基态上的相对论无规位相近似的自洽处理 .自洽处理要求基态和巨共振激发态的研究从同一个拉氏量出发,采用同一种建立在相对论下的完备基上的近似 .同时也讨论了自洽条件下Dirac海核子态的作用 ,指出 Dirac海核子态的贡献不能忽略 ,特别是在核的巨单极共振的情况.用约束的相对论平均场方法得到核的巨单极共振的能量逆权重的求和规则 ,从数值上验证了 Dirac海核子态的贡献. A consistent treatment is extremely important in relativistic approaches. We emphasized the consistent approach in relativistic random phase approximation built on relativistic mean filed ground states. The consistent treatment requires that the studies of the ground state and excited states of giant resonances are based on same effective Lagrangian, and on a same complete set of basis. It was found that the effect of the Dirac states could not be neglected, especially in the case of giant...
相对论核多体研究进展
申虹, 李磊, 宁平治
2000, 17(4): 195-200. doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.17.04.195
摘要:
简要评述了相对论核多体理论最近的发展及其在核物质和有限核的微观描述方面的应用 ,所涉及的理论框架主要是相对论 Brueckner- Hartree- Fock理论和相对论平均场理论 .例举了某些最新的应用领域 ,同时也讨论了若干待解决的问题和可能开展的工作. Relativistic many body methods, which include the relativistic Brueckner Hartree Fock (RBHF) theory and the relativistic mean field (RMF) approach, were introduced, while their progress and application for nuclear matter and finite nuclei were presented. The open questions in this field and the trend in future were also discussed.
规范势可分解理论及其应用
李希国
2000, 17(4): 201-209. doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.17.04.201
摘要:
对近几年用几何代数方法建立的规范场可分解理论进行了详细的评述 ,并给出了应用它研究欧拉示性数的新结果 .简述了一些应用领域.从目前国际研究的进展来看 ,规范势可分解理论也将为研究规范场静态解和夸克禁闭提供新的途径. The recent study of decomposition of gauge fields by means of methods of the geometric algebra was reviewed in detail. The new results in the study of the Euler characteristic by using the decomposition of gauge fields were described. On the other hand, some recent application fields of the decomposition of gauge fields and topological current theory were introduced. The new developments of the investigation in the area have also shown that the decomposition of gauge fields will provide...
9,11Be+209Bi近垒熔合
刘祖华
2000, 17(4): 210-211. doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.17.04.210
摘要:
阐述了9,11Be+209Bi近垒熔合反应研究的意义,给出实验结果并讨论弹核破裂对近垒熔合反应截面的影响. The purpose and importance of the study of 9,11Be+209Bi near barrier fusion were reviewed. The breakup effects of the halo nuclei on fusion were discussed and compared with the experimental results of 9,11Be+209Bi systems.
78Kr高自旋态的形状共存
白尔隽, 王智魁, 李险峰, 马英君, 赵广义, 陆景彬, 尹利长, 孙慧斌, 霍俊德
2000, 17(4): 212-215. doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.17.04.212
摘要:
用熔合蒸发反应 58Ni(2 3Na,3p) (Ein=70 Me V)和 58Ni(2 8Si,α4p) (Ein=1 30 Me V)研究了78Kr的高自旋态 ,用美国劳伦斯伯克利国家实验室的γ球测量了实验中产生的瞬时符合事件,对新发现的一个负宇称带用多普勒位移衰减法对 1 0 0 4 ke V(1 0 -→ 8-)和 873ke V(8-→ 6-)作了多普勒展宽谱线形状测量 .得到了负宇称带 1 0 -态能级的寿命τ=(2 .2± 0 .3) ps,8-态能级的寿命τ=(1 .6± 0 .2 ) ps.故可知此负宇称带呈现长椭形变 ,与正宇称带的扁椭形变形状共存. Doppler shift attenuation lifetime measurements were performed in the 58 Ni( 23 Na,3p) reaction at 70 MeV and 58 Ni( 28 Si, α4p) reaction at 130 MeV. By analyzing the Doppler broadened line shapes of the 1 004 keV(10 -→8 -) negative parity transition in coincidence with depopulating transitions, the lifetime of the 10 - state has been deduced as τ =(2.2±0.3) ps. A similar analysis of 873 keV(8 -→6 -)transition gave values of τ =(1.6±0.2)...
127La转动带及带终止
董保国, 郭宏超, I.Ragnarsson
2000, 17(4): 216-218. doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.17.04.216
摘要:
组态相关推转壳模型 Nilsson势研究了 C.M.Parry组最近用 EUROBALL谱仪观测到的 12 7La高自旋态结构 .实验上观测的 12 7La的宇称和辛量子数为 (π,α) =(+,- 1 /2 )的带自旋达到(83/2 ) h.理论计算结果表明该带可能具有组态 π(h11/2 ) 2 ν(h11/2 ) 6.并且几乎达到该带的带终止理论预言值 I=47.5h.该带的形变在 I≤ 40 h内处于正常形变区 (ε2 ≈ 0 .2 2 ,γ≈ 0°) ,随着角动量的增加 γ值逐渐增加 ,直到 γ=60°时带终止. HJ4/9]The configuration dependent shell correction approach with cranked Nilsson potential is employed for explaining the experimental high spin spectra in 127 La. The experimental high spin band with parity and signature (+, -1/2) consists of two parts with a crossing around I =20 . It is most like to have the configuration [02, 6], π (h 11/2 ) 2 ν (h 11/2 ) 6 and almost reaching the maximum angular momentum at I =47.5 . It is in normal deformation region with ...
放射性束装置给核结构研究带来的新机遇
李君清, 周勇
2000, 17(4): 219-223. doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.17.04.219
摘要:
利用放射性束装置所提供的高强度和高分辨率的短寿命核束流可达到核中质比的极端值 ,新的现象 ,如中子晕、质子晕、中子皮、质子皮、壳的减弱或消失 ,以及在滴线附近对力的重要性和核物质中质子 -中子对的新超导相的可能存在等不断涌现 .对这些现象进行研究和理解 ,然后回到实验上较易达到的稳定区核去检验人们的理解 ,会对进一步研究核结构、核合成、核天文和自然界基本对称性提供新的机遇 .By making use of the facility for radioactive beams which would be able to supply intense high resolution beams of short lived (radioactive) nuclei, the neutron proton ratio can be extended to extreme values, where some new phenomena such as neutron halo, proton halo, neutron skin, proton skin, growing evidence of the fragility or disappearance of shell structure far from stability, the importance of pairing correlation near drip line, and the possible existence of new superconducting phases of...
CSR空间电荷效应的研究
刘勇, 夏佳文, 徐向阳, 陆晓文, 吴军丽
2000, 17(4): 224-227. doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.17.04.224
摘要:
针对兰州重离子加速器冷却储存环的流强设计 ,对其空间电荷效应进行了讨论 .随着流强增高和发射度降低 ,束流自作用场效应 (空间电荷效应 )逐渐显现 .散焦的空间电荷力造成的粒子自由振荡频移和束流包络增长 ,带来了不稳定因素 ,这些不稳定因素就限定了储存环的流强极限.Cooler Storage Ring (CSR), an upgrading program planned at the Heavy Ion Research Facility in Lanzhou (HIRFL), will supply beams with higher quality and intensity. Space charge effects should be considered due to this magnitude of intensity in CSR. The concept and some phenomena of space charge effects are discussed. Space charge intensity limit and space charge tune shift of normal CSR operation are given. It is of significance for the construction and operation of the future facility.
交叉学科
表面高分辨弹性反冲探测分析
路秀琴, 符长波, 郭继宇, 赵葵, 梁刚, 李淑媛, 刘建成, 姜华
2000, 17(4): 228-230. doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.17.04.228
摘要:
在中国原子能科学研究院 HI- 1 3串列加速器上建立了用 Q3D磁谱仪动量分析和ΔE- E粒子分辨对材料表面进行高分辨的弹性反冲探测分析技术 .用 1 0 0 Me V12 7I对 C/Li F多层样品的深度分布分析表明 ,表面分辨达到 1 .2 nm.所建立的ΔE(气体 ) - E(半导体 )望远镜探测器可同时分析从轻至中重的所有元素 .实测了新光电材料 Ga N,La2 Sr Cu O4 超导膜和新超硬材料 C3N4 (Si)等样品. High resolution depth profiling technique with elastic recoil detection analysis has been developed at the HI 13 tandem accelerator of CIAE. A depth resolution of 1.2 nm was achieved at the surface of the samples with the Q3D magnetic spectrometer and the focal plane detector. From light to medium heavy elements were simultaneous analyzed with a small Δ E E telescope. The method was applied to depth profile analysis of C/LiF multilayers, La 2SrCuO 4 superconductor and GaN foil samples.
AMS重核素测量的入射离子X射线探测法
蒋崧生, 何明
2000, 17(4): 231-234. doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.17.04.231
摘要:
介绍了在加速器质谱学中发展的入射离子 X射线的探测技术,以便应用于测定中重同位素的同量异位素鉴别 .描述了在中国原子能科学研究院加速器质谱计上建立的入射离子 X射线探测装置和实验结果 .通过测量入射离子 X射线,实现了64Cu测量中对同量异位素64Ni和64Zn的鉴别 ,以及79Se测量中对79Br的鉴别. In recent years, a new technique to detect the charteristic X ray from projectile ions in accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) has been developed. After analysis in the routine AMS system, the ions are stopped in an appropriately chosen target in steat of an ion detector and induced X ray are detected for identification of ions by atomic number. For the application of AMS to higher mass isotopes with mass number>20 using small accelerator, the characteristic X rays technique is better...
35MeV/uAr离子辐照聚酯膜引起的效应研究
刘昌龙, 朱智勇, 金运范, 王衍斌, 孙友梅, 侯明东, 王志光, 刘杰, 陈晓曦, 张崇宏
2000, 17(4): 235-239. doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.17.04.235
摘要:
采用多种手段研究了 35Me V/u的 Ar离子辐照聚酯 (PET)膜产生的微观结构变化 .结果表明 ,辐照使聚酯的化学键断裂并产生了炔端不饱和基团和自由基 .断键主要发生在乙二醇残留物、苯环的对位和酯的 C— O键上 .随着吸收剂量的增加 ,材料的结晶度逐渐降低 ,由原始的41 .7%减至最高辐照量时的 1 5.0 % .研究发现 ,聚脂的非晶化转变截面与电子能损呈线性关系 ;断键和非晶化效应主要取决于样品的吸收剂量 ,并存在一个约 4.0 MGy的阈值.Stacked polyethylene terephthalate films were irradiated with 35 MeV/u Ar ions at room temperature. The ion induced effects were studied by ultraviolet visible spectrometer, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X ray diffractometer, X ray photoelectron spectroscopy, electron spin resonance spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry. Bond breaking and the formation of alkyne end groups and free radicals were observed. The bond breaking processes occurred mainly...
高能电子和正电子在晶体沟道中的辐射
张勇, 姚淑德, 周生强, 刘广智
2000, 17(4): 240-242. doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.17.04.240
摘要:
介绍了高能电子和正电子在晶体中的沟道辐射,对超相对论电子和正电子在周期弯曲晶体中的相干辐射进行了分析,并提出了初步的实验设想. The channeling radiation of high energy electrons and positrons in crystals was introduced. According to the new idea proposed by A.V.Korol, the coherent radiation of ultra relativistic electrons and positrons channeled in periodically bent crystals was analyzed. The characteristics of the radiation were obtained by using classic electromagnetic theory and a tentative experimental plan for testing was suggested.
辐射固化面向——21世纪的绿色工业的新技术
王建国, 滕人瑞
2000, 17(4): 243-247. doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.17.04.243
摘要:
概述了辐射固化新技术的发展过程 ,简述了紫外光固化和电子束固化机理、所需设备和涂层的原材料.与常规固化方法比较 ,辐射固化具有低能耗、高效率和无污染的优点 ,是面向 2 1世纪的绿色工业的新技术. The development of radiation curing was simply reviewed and the mechanism of UV curing and EB curing, the equipment and materials used in the radiation curing were also introduced. Compared with ordinary curing, the radiation curing has advantages of energy saving, high effectiveness and little pollution. It is a new technology of green industries facing the 21st century.
中子活化分析在古陶瓷原料产地研究中的应用
李国霞, 赵维娟, 高正耀, 李融武, 谢建忠, 吴晓力, 姚桂芳, 黄忠祥, 贾秀琴, 韩松
2000, 17(4): 248-250. doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.17.04.248
摘要:
介绍了用中子活化分析方法测量古陶瓷和仿古陶瓷中的微量元素,通过对这些测量数据进行模糊聚类分析 ,可以确定这些古陶瓷和仿古陶瓷的材料来源 ,寻找提高仿古陶瓷质量的途径.Trace-elements in ancient ceramics and imitative ancient ceramics were determined by neutron activation analysis (NAA). The NAA data are then analyzed by fuzzy cluster method and the trend cluster diagram is obtained.The raw material sources of ancient ceramics and imitative ancient ceramics are determined. The path for improving quality of imitative ancient ceramics is found.
核能与核数据库
加速器驱动反应堆的靶实验及核废料嬗变与焚化
戴光曦
2000, 17(4): 251-254. doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.17.04.251
摘要:
对加速器辅助驱动次临界核反应堆的最近研究进展,特别是靶实验结果,进行了评述 .通过对靶实验首次全产物截面的测定,达到了剥离反应与裂变反应二者产物的完全识别. The recent progresses in accelerator driven nuclear subcritical nuclear reactor, especially in target experimental data have been reviewed.The data contained all the isotopes producing cross sections. The reaction products were identified whether they came from the spallation or fission reaction .
次临界系统处理钚及高放锕系元素的概念研究
沈姚崧, 刘成安
2000, 17(4): 255-258. doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.17.04.255
摘要:
对加速器驱动的次临界反应堆处理反应堆级钚和高放锕系废物进行了概念性设计的研究 .建立了以液态铋系合金金属为载热剂的次临界堆芯模型 ,利用 ADVBISON程序对该问题进行了数值计算 ,得到了满意的中子学、燃耗和放射性衰变等结果.Disposition of the reactor plutonium and high level actinides by using accelerator driven subcritical reactor was studied theoretically and the corresponding core model using liquid Bi alloy as the reactor coolant was proposed. The satisfied numerical results of neutronics, burn up and radioactivity were obtained by the ADVBISON code.
快报
质子滴线区新核素25P的鉴别
肖国青, 詹文龙, 郭忠言, 孙志宇, 李家兴, 王金川, 王全进, 孟祥伟, 江山红, 宁振江, 王猛, 陈志强, 王建丰, 王建松, 田文栋, 王武生, 毛瑞士, 靳根明
2000, 17(4): 259-261. doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.17.04.259
摘要:
在兰州放射性束流装置RIBLL上 ,利用磁刚度Bρ、飞行时间tTOF和多重望远镜ΔE- E联合探测方法测量了69Me V/u 36Ar轰击Be靶产生的 P同位素碎片的同位素分布,并与 EPAX经验公式的计算结果进行了比较 ,在质子滴线区首次鉴别出了新核素25PThe mass distribution of the phosphor fragments induced by projectile fragmentation reaction of 69 MeV/u 36Ar + 9Be was measured at the projectile fragment separator RIBLL at IMP. The fragment products were identified by determining the magnetic rigidity Bρ , the time of flight tTOF and their energy loss ΔE . The experimental isotope distribution was compared to the result of the empirical parameterization EPAX. Three events for the new nuclide 25P in the...
可积系统——求迹公式和h逆谱分析(英文)
宋建军, 李希国, 刘芳, 李树伟
2000, 17(4): 262-264. doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.17.04.262
摘要:
研究了二维无关联四次振子系统,有理环面上积分 Hamiltonian运动方程给出了系统一系列周期轨道和经典物理量 ,使用半经典近似下的 Berry- Tabor求迹公式,得到了半经典的态密度.应用 Fourier变换分析了每条周期轨道对态密度的贡献,并与量子态密度的 Fourier变换结果比较证实了半经典求迹公式的有效性.Periodic orbits of two dimensional uncoupled quartic oscillator were calculated by inte grating Hamiltonian equations of motion on reasonable tori, and several classical quantities were also computed. Inserting them into Berry Tabor trace formula, a trace, i.e., the semiclassical density of states of the corresponding quantum system, was obtained. Finally, Fourier transform was adopted to verify the contribution of each periodic orbit. Good agreement between the semiclassical ...