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1995年  第12卷  第3期

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核物理
高温核的奇异衰变过程
邬恩九
1995, 12(3): 1-6. doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.12.03.001
摘要:
本文简要评述了中能重离子碰撞中可能存在的奇异密度分布形状──气泡核和环形核的形成,并论述了实验观测方面的可能特征. Possible existence of the exotic density shapes-the formation of nuclear bubbles and rings-in the domain of intermediate energy heavy ion collisions have been briefly reviewed. Some experimental consequences were dicussed.
新重丰中子同位素239Pa的合成
张学谦, 袁双贵, 杨维凡, 牟万统, 李宗伟, 于暹
1995, 12(3): 7-8. doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.12.03.007
摘要:
本文简述了新重丰中子同位素239Pa的首次合成和鉴别,并测定其半衰期为106±30min. This paper reports that the new heavy neutron-rich isotope 239Pa has been observed for the first time and its half life has been determined to be 106±30min.
关于相对论性α粒子的双温度发射问题
刘福虎
1995, 12(3): 9-13. doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.12.03.009
摘要:
本文对高能核核碰撞中相对论性α粒子的双温度发射现象提出了一种解释,给出了α粒子的角分布,并与2.1DeV/u16O和1.7GeV/u56Fe与核乳胶相互作用的有关实验结果作了比较. An explanation on the two-temperature emission of relativistic a particles in high energy nucleus-nucleus collsisions is presented. The angular distributions of a particles are obtained and compared with the exprimental results of 2. 1GeV/u 16O-Em and 1. 7GeV/u 56Fe-Em interactions.
高能原子核碎裂中的矩关联
刘福虎, 孙汉城
1995, 12(3): 14-17. doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.12.03.014
摘要:
本文用瓜分客体的方法,得到了16O和32S碎裂中碎片电荷分布的条件矩.结果表明条件矩间呈对数关联,且对关联行为本身来说,电磁离解和核反应相应的结果类似,氧核与硫核相应的结果类似.计算结果与3.7和200GeV/u16O及200GeV/u32S与核乳胶作用的实验数据符合. The conditional moments of the charge distributions of the projectile fragments in 16O and 32S fragmentation behavior are botanied by using a partition method. The logarithmic correlations between the conditional are observed. The electromagnetic dissociations are similar to nuclear reactions for correlation behaviour itself and the correlation her behaviours for oxygen nuclei are in agreement with that for sufphur nuclei. The calculated results in agreement with the...
原子核的结团性质
魏志勇, 诸永泰
1995, 12(3): 18-21. doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.12.03.018
摘要:
原子核结团现象是原子核运动中普遍存在的现象,本文评述了原子核结团模型研究的进展和结团思想在核结构性质、核衰变、核反应方面引人注目的发展. Clustering phenomena exist in all the field of the nucleus. In this paper the development of the cluster model and its use in nuclear structure, nuclear radioactivity, and nuclear reactions are described.
核能级密度的唯象表示及其参数
丘国春
1995, 12(3): 22-26. doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.12.03.022
摘要:
本文介绍了在考虑核的壳效应、对效应和集团效应等性质时对费米气体能级密度公式作唯象修正所产生的几种能级的唯象表示式. A discussion on the neuclear level desity phenomenological formulae originates from the Fermi-gas model formula considering the shell effects,pairing correlations and collectivity of the nuclei.
电子冷却
饶亦农, 夏佳文, 原有进, 魏宝文
1995, 12(3): 27-30. doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.12.03.027
摘要:
本文概述电子冷却原理及其国际现状.This paper briefly describes the principle of electron cooling and the current status.
11B快中子非弹性散射的理论计算
解文方, 阮文英
1995, 12(3): 31-33. doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.12.03.031
摘要:
本文采用直接作用模型和扭曲波玻恩近似(DWBA)理论,计算了11B的2.14MeV激发态在入射中子能量为7:54~20.0MeV的非弹性散射的积分截面和角分布,计算结果与评价的实验值进行了比较,符合较好.对实验上所缺乏的数据作出了理论预期值. BY using the direct reaction mode and the DWBA theory, We calculate the integrated sections and angular distributions of inelastic neutron scattering of 11B(n, n )11B 2. 14MeV excited state in energy range from 7. 54MeV to 20. 0MeV. The calculated results are comparaed with the experimental values, and a good agreement has been obtained. The theory values are given for absent experimental data.
核技术应用
全反射X荧光分析及其应用
田宇紱, 王瑞光, 谭继廉
1995, 12(3): 34-39. doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.12.03.034
摘要:
近年来,全反射X荧光分析技术获得突破性进展.从表面及近表层微量、超微量元素分析发展到结构、深度及深度分布的探测.其检测限已达pg级,硅片杂质检测限达108atoms/cm2.文章介绍了该技术的基本理论、特点、国内外最新发展情况及对其今后发展的展望. In recent years a remarkable development has been achieved in total-reflection X-ray fluorescence (TXRF) analysis techniques. The trace and ulera-trace analysis of elements has been made out from surface and near-surface layer to depth and depth profiling as well as layered structures. Absolute detectoion limits has come to pg-level and the least detection limits of 108atoms/cm2 can be reached for surface contamination on St wafers. The basic theory, characteristic, recent...
空间辐射效应
李世清, 鄢和平
1995, 12(3): 40-42. doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.12.03.040
摘要:
本文简要介绍近地空间辐射环境及其对飞行器材料、电子器件的影响.还扼要介绍了空间辐照效应的研究动态.This paper briefly dicusses the radiation environment in near-earth space and it s influences on material, and electronic devices using in space airship, also, the research developments in space radiation effects are introduced.
辐射涂层固化近况
贾少晋, 周才辉
1995, 12(3): 43-45. doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.12.03.043
摘要:
辐射涂层固化技术是一门有许多优点的高新技术,实现辐射团化首先需解决有关的化学问题.本文介绍了有关该领域的设备、工艺及获得的新进展.The radiation curing is a new and advanced technology which has some advantages, several products were made. Equipment of the field has been improved.
短寿命核转轮传送装置
周书华, 李景文, 董志强, 曾宪堂, 霍华
1995, 12(3): 46-47. doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.12.03.046
摘要:
在中国原子能科学研究院的串列式静电加速器上建立了传送短寿命核的转轮装置,可用于鉴别和研究寿命短至几秒的核素.该装置已用于新的缺中子核素90Ru的鉴别及其半衰期和衰变γ的测量. A wheel device for transporting short-lived nuclei has been constructed at the HI-13 tandem accelerator of CIAE. The device can be used in the identification and investigation of nuclides with life-times as short as a few seconds. With the aid of this device a new nutron-deficient nuclide 90Ru has been identified. Its half-life and decay γ-rays have been measured.
数值模拟计算在核测井中的应用及发展
方映东, 何清源, 谢仲生, 尹邦华
1995, 12(3): 48-54. doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.12.03.048
摘要:
本文简要介绍数值模拟计算技术在核测井领域中的应用,理论计算数据与实验测量数据一致,表明理论计算在核测井中的地位越来越重要. The application of the numerical simulating methods in the nuclear well Logging is presented. Practical examples show that the data calculated with theoritical methods agree with the experimental data. This showes the great importance of the theoritical methods in the nuclear well Logging.
超薄型外延硅dE/dX探测器及其在核实验中的应用
王柱生, 晁致远, 许金兰
1995, 12(3): 55-57. doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.12.03.055
摘要:
本文介绍了厚度为5.2、6、7和10μm,有效面积为28~154mm2的超薄型外延硅dE/dX探测器(对于8.78MeVa粒子的能损ΔK的分辨为48~76keV)及其研制工艺、主要用途、测试结果及在核物理实验中的应用. The epitaxial st-dE/dX surface barrier detectors with an active area of 28~154mm2 and thickness of 5. 2~10μm have been developed. This kind of detector can be used for measuring α-particle, proton with low energy and for distinguishing particles...
气体放电中的X射线诊断
陈素和, 王大伦, 崔高显, 王玫, 傅依备, 张信威, 张武寿
1995, 12(3): 58-60. doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.12.03.058
摘要:
用气体放电法研究含氘金属异常现象时,发现有X射线产生.因此用吸收法、特征X射线法和NaI闪烁计数器测量了X射线能量,用7Li热释光片估测了X射线强度.吸收法测出的X射线平均能量为(26.9±2.2)keV和NaI闪烁计数器测出的(26.0±2.4)keV单能X射线在测量误差内相符. X rays were observed to create when the anomalous phenomenon in the metal loaded with deuterium studied by the gas-discharge method. Therefore the X-ray energy spectra were measured by the absorption method, the specific X-ray approach and the NaI scintillation counter, while X-ray intensity was estimated by using 7Li thermoluminescent foils. The X-ray average energy measured by the absorption method is 27. 6±2. 1keV,whlch is fitted within the error extent to 26. 0±2. 4keV monoenergetic Xrays